• The causes of POD are complex and not entirely

  2020-01-19

  

  The causes of POD are complex, and not entirely clear. Androsova et al, believed that the main molecular mechanism of POD is a central cholinergic deficiency caused by deregulation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways leading to increased inflammation. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,

• Introduction Angiotensin II Ang II and Endothelin ET are

  2020-01-19

  

  Introduction Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Endothelin 1 (ET-1) are potent vasoconstrictive peptides recognized as key players in many cardiovascular diseases [1]. Cardiac hypertrophy, ischemic arrhythmia, and stroke have been associated to an overstimulation of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) recepto

• br The orphan estrogen related receptor

  2020-01-19

  

  The orphan estrogen-related receptor exists as three subtypes (ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ) in the human genome. ERRα is expressed in metabolically active tissues such as muscle and adipose. ERRγ is expressed in the spinal cord and CNS. ERRβ appears to play a role in development, as postnatal expression

• br Acknowledgements This research was supported

  2020-01-19

  

  Acknowledgements This research was supported by Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS). We thank prof. R. Marinšek Logar for helpful advice, Dr. T. Kranjc for help with data management, N. Vrhovnik and G. Lavrič for technical help with preliminary growth experiments and dr. J. Burkeljca for help with g

• ClC is a member of the voltage gated chloride channel

  2020-01-17

  

  ClC-3 is a member of the voltage-gated chloride channel superfamily and has many roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, AZD-9291 mesylate progression and so on (Dai et al., 2005). A growing number of studies showed that ClC-3 encoded a volume-regulated Cl− channel (ICl,Vol) in heart, that could co

• During the past decades HT had been widely prescribed

  2020-01-17

  

  During the past decades HT had been widely prescribed with the expectation of both osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease prevention. The results of the Women\'s Health Initiative (WHI) trial, however, indicated that long-term HT use is associated with a small but significant increase of cardiovasc

• The need for dedicated DAPT updates is well

  2020-01-17

  

  The need for dedicated DAPT updates is well justified by the large amount of data and new information generated in the field over the past few years. As expected, the ACC/AHA and ESC updates contain large areas of overlap as well as some differences. Differences were largely explained by the differe

• br Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans CSPGs are major

  2020-01-17

  

  Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are major components of the extracellular matrix in cartilage. Each CSPG comprises a single core protein and attached chondroitin sulfate (CS), belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family of sugar chains. CSPGs and CS are involved in numerous biological and

• A939572 In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified prot

  2020-01-17

  

  In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins, DUBs can also cleave between ubiquitin moieties within a polyubiquitin chain to edit the ubiquitin signal. DUBs employ different strategies to recognize polyubiquitin (Figure 1). DUBs that rely only on interactions on the S1 site tend to be A

• The p controls transcription of

  2020-01-17

  

  The p53 controls transcription of several genes that affect the release of cytochrome c in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway [44]. In addition, p53 can induce a transcription-independent apoptosis through a direct interaction with the Bcl-2 family proteins [45]. However, the role of mitochondrial

• cucurbitacin The second DDR binding partner

  2020-01-17

  

  The second DDR1-binding partner identified here, Shp-2, which was not found in the two-hybrid screen but using a bioinformatics approach, is also a mediator of cell migration. Since Shp-2 has two SH2 domains, as well as phosphotyrosine phosphatase enzymatic activity and two C-terminal tyrosines tar

• br Materials and methods br

  2020-01-17

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Neointimal VSMC accumulation contributes considerably to vessel occlusion observed in both autologous vein graft degeneration [1], [2] and in-stent restenosis [26], [27]. In this study, the potential for retarding VSMC proliferation and hence amelior

• Initial investigations in the heart

  2020-01-17

  

  Initial investigations in the heart uncovered Epac as a positive regulator of myocyte hypertrophy [8], [9]. Concomitantly, Epac has been shown to regulate cardiac Ca homeostasis [8], [10], [11], [12], [13]. Ca is an essential second messenger in the cardiac physiology because its rhythmic variations

• br EBV BILF A Virus

  2020-01-17

  

  EBV-BILF1—A Virus-Encoded 7TM Receptor with Immune Evasive Functions The EBV-encoded BILF1 receptor (EBV-BILF1) is thought to be implicated in the immune evasion strategy of EBV.56, 61, 62 This orphan 7TM receptor is expressed at significant levels during the early lytic phase of the virus infect

• br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments T

  2020-01-17

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer

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