• In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins

  2019-08-30

  

  In addition to cleaving ubiquitins off modified proteins, DUBs can also cleave between ubiquitin moieties within a polyubiquitin chain to edit the ubiquitin signal. DUBs employ different strategies to recognize polyubiquitin (Figure 1). DUBs that rely only on interactions on the S1 site tend to be C

• br DNA end processing enzymes The simplest DSB

  2019-08-30

  

  DNA end processing enzymes The simplest DSB is one that consists of two blunt DNA ends as these termini can be re-joined without processing. However, DSBs induced by ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species are notorious for producing DNA ends which are non-ligatable (“dirty ends”) and thus

• One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis

  2019-08-30

  

  One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis is the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA that proceeds in a two-step manner: the DNA is initially cleaved into 50–300kb fragments and eventually into oligonucleosomal pieces [12], [13]. The two major apoptotic nucleases are DNA fragmentation fa

• br Experimental procedures br Introduction Protein kinases

  2019-08-30

  

  Experimental procedures Introduction Protein kinases represent one of the largest enzyme JNK-IN-7 in the human genome and act as signaling mediators in a variety of cellular processes (Manning et al., 2002). Because many diseases are associated with aberrant protein kinase activity, targeted k

• Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor

  2019-08-30

  

  Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene transfection. PC12 Fmoc-Ser-OH were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. The cDNA for mouse CysLT1 or CysLT2 receptor (mCysLT1 and mCysLT2, subcloned into pcDNA3.0) was kindly gifted by Prof

• br Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal

  2019-08-30

  

  Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG) is a midbrain site markedly involved in fear/anxiety-evoked responses as well as in nociception (see, for example, Bandler and Carrive, 1988, Deakin and Graeff, 1991, Fardin et al., 1984a, Fardin et al., 1984b, Litvin et al., 2007). Chemic

• br Methods br Results br Discussion

  2019-08-30

  

  Methods Results Discussion The lowest intra-CeA dose of R278995/CRA0450 that prevented the elevations in palovarotene kinase reward thresholds associated with nicotine withdrawal was 0.05μg/side (0.1μg total bilateral dose). The total bilateral dose in the present study is 100 times lower

• Here we show that cpg is expressed

  2019-08-30

  

  Here, we show that cpg2 is expressed only in the Silicristin and encodes a protein that localizes specifically to the postsynaptic endocytic zone of excitatory synapses. We present evidence that CPG2 is a critical component of the postsynaptic endocytic pathway that mediates both constitutive and a

• Another important issue in biosensors is to

  2019-08-29

  

  Another important issue in biosensors is to design a simple and potable detection strategy to meet the requirement of the point-of-care (POC) test applications. According to the recent research, by using invertase Plumbagin for hydrolyzing sucrose into glucose, the range of personal glucometer has

• br Enzymes repairing alkylated DNA br Induction of the

  2019-08-29

  

  Enzymes repairing alkylated DNA Induction of the Ada regulon Methylated Ada is a strong activator for ada and alkA promoters. Although much weaker than the methylated form, unmethylated Ada acts alone as an activator for ada and alkA promoters. In contrast, the unmethylated protein present in

• We also identified a role for the transcription factor p

  2019-08-29

  

  We also identified a role for the transcription factor p53 in the regulation of the Crm1 promoter. p53 can activate or repress the transcription of target genes. While activation generally occurs through binding of p53 to its consensus binding site in the promoter region of target genes, for example

• The BDNF Val Met polymorphism is also associated

  2019-08-29

  

  The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is also associated with decreased dendritic arborization and impaired long-term potentiation [25]. This is particularly important for the hippocampus, and healthy individuals with a BDNF Val66Met allele have decreased hippocampal volumes [30]. Hippocampal atrophy is co

• Through the process of alternative splicing the IKZF

  2019-08-29

  

  Through the process of alternative splicing, the IKZF1 gene is capable of encoding a large number of Ikaros isoforms (Molnar et al., 1996). Some of these isoforms were shown to have distinct functions (Li et al., 2011, Ronni et al., 2007). Ikaros protein contains four zinc fingers at the N-terminus

• Linifanib br Discussion The use of carp primary cell culture

  2019-08-29

  

  Discussion The use of carp primary cell cultures proved to be a valuable approach to evaluate the piscine immune response. A. hydrophila was a more potent stimulator of NO formation by carp leukocytes compared to commercial LPS often used for leukocyte stimulation (Mustafa and Olson, 1998, Chao e

• Impulsive burying and freezing behaviors in response to

  2019-08-29

  

  Impulsive burying and freezing behaviors in response to aversive stimuli may represent attempts to avoid novel and/or aversive stimuli. These behaviors can be assessed utilizing the marble burying and conditioned fear tasks, respectively. For example, Wistar rats in proestrus and ovariectomized rats

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